Awns, important domestication and agronomic traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.), are conferred by polygenes and the environment.Near isogenic line (NIL) pairs BM33 and BM38 were constructed from crosses between awnless japonica cv Nipponbare as recurrent parent, and lines SLG or Funingxiaohongmang (awned japonica accessions), respectively, as donors.I
BackgroundIt has been assumed that the unusual tail club of ankylosaurid dinosaurs was used actively as a weapon, but the biological feasibility of this behaviour has not been examined in detail.Ankylosaurid tail clubs are composed of interlocking vertebrae, which form the handle, and large terminal osteoderms, which form the knob.Methodology/princ
Objective Arrhythmia detection and classification are challenging because of the imbalanced ratio of normal heartbeats to arrhythmia heartbeats and the complicated combinations of arrhythmia types.Arrhythmia classification on wearable electrocardiogram monitoring devices poses a further unique challenge: unlike clinically used electrocardiogram mon
High-impact river floods are often caused by very extreme precipitation events with return periods of several decades or centuries, and the design of flood protection measures thus relies on reliable estimates of the corresponding return values.However, calculating such return values from observations is associated with large statistical uncertaint
Liver transplantation is currently the most efficacious treatment for end-stage liver diseases.However, one main problem with liver transplantation is the limited number of Rocking donor organs that are available.Therefore, liver tissue engineering based on cell transplantation that combines materials to mimic the liver is under investigation with